ESD4238
Out_1+
Out_1 ?
Out_2+
Out_2 ?
Out_3+
Out_3 ?
Out_4+
Out_4 ?
GND
Figure 1. Block Diagram
In_1+
In_1 ?
In_2+
In_2 ?
In_3+
In_3 ?
In_4+
In_4+
= 100 W differential
matched characteristic
impedance.
ESD Protection Architecture
Conceptually, an ESD protection device performs the
following actions upon an ESD strike discharge into a
protected ASIC (see Figure 2):
1. When an ESD potential is applied to the system
under test (contact or air ? discharge), Kirchoff ’s
Current Law (KCL) dictates that the Electrical
Overstress (EOS) currents will immediately divide
throughout the circuit, based on the dynamic
impedance of each path.
2. Ideally, the classic shunt ESD clamp will switch
within 1 ns to a low ? impedance path and return
the majority of the EOS current to the chassis
shield/reference ground. In actuality, if the ESD
component’s response time (t CLAMP ) is slower
than the ASIC it is protecting, or if the Dynamic
Clamping Resistance (RDYN) is not significantly
lower than the ASIC’s I/O cell circuitry, then the
ASIC will have to absorb a large amount of the
EOS energy, and be more likely to fail.
3. Subsequent to the ESD/EOS event, both devices
must immediately return to their original
specifications, and be ready for an additional
strike. Any deterioration in parasitics or clamping
capability should be considered a failure, since it
can then affect signal integrity or subsequent
protection capability. (This is known as
”multi ? strike” capability.)
In the ESD4238 architecture, the signal line leading the
connector to the ASIC routes through the ESD4238 chip
which provides 100 W matched differential channel
characteristic impedance that helps optimize 100 W load
impedance applications such as the HDMI high speed data
lines.
NOTES: When each of the channels is used individually
for single ? ended signal lines protection, the
individual channel provides 50 W characteristic
impedance matching.
The load impedance matching feature of the ESD4238
helps to simplify system designer ’s PCB layout
considerations in impedance matching and also eliminates
associated passive components.
The route through the architecture enables the ESD4238
to provide matched impedance for the signal path between
the connector and the ASIC. Besides this function, this
circuit arrangement also changes the way the parasitic
inductance interacts with the ESD protection circuit and
helps reduce the I RESIDUAL current to the ASIC.
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